What component is essential for enforcing two-factor authentication in CyberArk?

The component essential for enforcing two-factor authentication in CyberArk is the PVWA, or Password Vault Web Access. PVWA serves as the web-based interface through which users interact with the CyberArk Vault. It plays a significant role in the authentication process, where users are required to provide two forms of verification before gaining access to sensitive information within the vault.

The PVWA facilitates the implementation of two-factor authentication by integrating with various authentication methods, such as one-time passwords (OTP) or other mechanisms that require a secondary confirmation of the user's identity. This additional layer of security is critical in protecting privileged accounts and sensitive data, ensuring that even if a password is compromised, unauthorized access is still prevented without the second factor.

The other components mentioned, while important within the CyberArk ecosystem, do not directly enforce two-factor authentication in the same capacity. For instance, the Identity Manager focuses on identity lifecycle management, the Vault server handles the secure storage of credentials, and the Central Policy Manager manages policies and permissions but does not handle user authentication directly. Thus, the PVWA is the pivotal element for implementing and enforcing two-factor authentication within CyberArk.